Poverty Targeting in Asia: Country Experience of India
India has a long history of interventions aimed at channeling resources to the poor. This paper categorizes and quantifies the various schemes, and surveys the evidence on their effectiveness.
In general, impacts have been very disappointing. There is evidence of
- serious under-coverage, so many of the poor are missed, and
- serious leakage, so many of the better-off benefit from the schemes
Poor implementation and weak governance are the key explanations for the failure of these schemes.
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The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
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