Appendix A: Definitions and Sources of Variables.

FDI: Aggregate foreign direction investment inflows from the UNCTAD.

GDPUSD: GDP in US dollars from EconStats.

GPCGDPR00: Growth of per capita GDP based year 2000. Per capita GDP data are from EconStats.

GGDPR: Growth of real GDP. Real GDP data are from EconStats. DUTY: Import duties data are from IMF's Government Finance Statistic Yearbook with supplements from individual countries’ statistical yearbooks and national statistical agency websites.

OPEN: Openness = (Export + Import)/ GDP. Export and Import as a percentage of GDP are from World Development Indicators.

ILLIT: Illiteracy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who cannot, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life; from World Development Indicators.

TEL: Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people). World Development Indicators provide data, which are from International Telecommunication Union. GOVT: An index of government stability from International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) from the PRS Group. The range is from 0 to 12. A higher score means higher stability of a government.

CORRUPT: An index of corruption from International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) from the PRS Group. It ranges from 0 to 6, where a higher number indicates a lower level of corruption.

LAW: An index of Law and Order from International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) from the PRS Group. It ranges from 0 to 6, where a higher number indicates a better system of law and order.

CPTAX: Corporate income tax rate, measured in percentage points, from Price Waterhouse's "Worldwide Summary" book.

WAGE : Average wage in manufacturing are from International Labor Organization (ILO)'s LABORSTA and countries' statistical yearbooks and national statistical agency website.

OUTFLOW: Total world outflows of foreign direct investment from the UNCTAD.

Taipei,China's data are mostly from Statistical Yearbook of Republic of China and its official website

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